使用PYTHON从文件发送HTMLBody

问题描述

我可以发送纯文本，但无法发送html格式的html文本。

import email, smtplib, ssl
import os
from email import encoders
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

body = """
this is first mail by using python
"""
port_email = 587
smtp_server = "smtp.gmail.com"
password = "your password"


subject = "An email with attachment from Python"
sender_email = "sender@gmail.example.com"
receiver_email = "receiver@example.net"

# Create a multipart message and set headers
message = MIMEMultipart()
message["From"] = sender_email
message["To"] = receiver_email
message["Subject"] = subject
message["Bcc"] = receiver_email  # Recommended for mass emails

# Add body to email
message.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain"))
filename = "file name"  # In same directory as script

with open(filename.html, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as attachment:
    part1 = attachment.read()

part2 = MIMEText(part1, "html")
message.attach(part2)
text = message.as_string()

context = ssl.create_default_context()
with smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465 , context=context) as server:
    server.login(sender_email, password)
    server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text)

这将发送附件文件，但我希望看到电子邮件正文中的html文本。 FileName是内容html表，因此代码应发送html文本，该文本将自动在html正文中随html表一起可用。

推荐答案

如果这不是您想要的，为什么要通过一个虚假的身体？

您的代码似乎是为Python3.5或更早版本编写的。email库在3.6中进行了全面检查，现在它的通用性和逻辑性要强得多。可能会扔掉你所拥有的，重新开始examples from the email documentation.

这是一个简短的尝试。

from email.message import EmailMessage

... 
message = EmailMessage()
message["From"] = sender_email
message["To"] = receiver_email
message["Subject"] = subject
# No point in using Bcc if the recipient is already in To:

with open(filename) as fp:
    message.set_content(fp.read(), 'html')

# no need for a context if you are just using the default SSL
with smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465) as server:
    server.login(sender_email, password)
    # Prefer the modern send_message method
    server.send_message(message)

如果要同时以纯文本和HTML格式发送消息，链接的示例将向您展示如何调整代码以实现此目的，但实际上，text/plain正文部分应该包含有用的消息，而不仅仅是占位符。

如代码中注释的那样，如果您已经在To:头中指定了收件人，则没有理由使用Bcc:。如果要使用Bcc:，则必须在To:头中添加其他内容，通常是您自己的地址或类似:undisclosed-recipients;的地址列表

另外，在打开文件时，Python(或者实际上是操作系统)会检查用户的当前工作目录，而不是从中加载Python脚本的目录。也可以参阅What exactly is current working directory?

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