Efficiently count the number of bits in an integer in JavaScript(在 JavaScript 中有效地计算整数中的位数)
问题描述
假设我有一个整数 I 并且想要以二进制形式获得 1 的计数.
Let's say I have an integer I and want to get the count of 1s in its binary form.
我目前正在使用以下代码.
I am currently using the following code.
Number(i.toString(2).split("").sort().join("")).toString().length;
有没有更快的方法来做到这一点?我正在考虑使用按位运算符.有什么想法吗?
Is there a faster way to do this? I am thinking about using bitwise operators. Any thoughts?
注意: i
在 32 位限制范围内.
NOTE: i
is within the 32-bit limitation.
推荐答案
您可以使用此集合中的策略 Bit Twiddling Hacks:
You can use a strategy from this collection of Bit Twiddling Hacks:
function bitCount (n) {
n = n - ((n >> 1) & 0x55555555)
n = (n & 0x33333333) + ((n >> 2) & 0x33333333)
return ((n + (n >> 4) & 0xF0F0F0F) * 0x1010101) >> 24
}
console.log(bitCount(0xFF)) //=> 8
请注意,上述策略仅适用于 32 位整数(JavaScript 中位运算符的限制).
Note that the above strategy only works for 32-bit integers (a limitation of bitwise operators in JavaScript).
对于较大的整数,更通用的方法是单独计算 32 位块(感谢 harold 的启发):
A more general approach for larger integers would involve counting 32-bit chunks individually (thanks to harold for the inspiration):
function bitCount (n) {
var bits = 0
while (n !== 0) {
bits += bitCount32(n | 0)
n /= 0x100000000
}
return bits
}
function bitCount32 (n) {
n = n - ((n >> 1) & 0x55555555)
n = (n & 0x33333333) + ((n >> 2) & 0x33333333)
return ((n + (n >> 4) & 0xF0F0F0F) * 0x1010101) >> 24
}
console.log(bitCount(Math.pow(2, 53) - 1)) //=> 53
你也可以使用正则表达式:
You could also use a regular expression:
function bitCount (n) {
return n.toString(2).match(/1/g).length
}
console.log(bitCount(0xFF)) //=> 8
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